top of page
Writer's pictureEbube Abara

Data Analyst vs Data Engineer vs Data Scientist

The fields of data analysis, data engineering, and data science are not identical. With the continued demand for these professions, it is necessary to understand their specifics. This can sometimes be difficult since they are trying to solve the same problems. Data engineers build and optimize the systems which serve as the foundation that data analysts and scientists rely on.


Comparative and Summary Table





Data Analyst



Data analysis is a practice that has existed for years and is a skill common to fields such as finance, computer science and statistics. Data analysis comprises collecting data, analysing the data, finding insights into the results, and making this information available to business users.


They use tools such as Tableau, Power BI, SAP BusinessObjects and Excel-based tools such as Zebra BI and SAS.


The prominence of computer software in the administration and stock market sectors at the beginning of the 21st century led to a revolution in statistics and data analysis. It is critical to remember that data analysis is not only present in data companies but also in other sectors, such as the aviation to forecast the likelihood of a plane being delayed because of technical issues; the e-commerce sector to create focused and individualized marketing, resulting in increased sales and performance; the security sector to monitor thousands of transactions for every account in real-time, and the transportation sector to optimize routing and freight movement.


Positions and careers that require data analysis skills include Project Manager, Digital Marketer Data Scientist and Data Analyst. For example, a business analyst uses data skills to fulfil and communicate business solutions. Data analysts use data and metadata. Data is the content and metadata is the context. When working on a large amount of information, metadata can sometimes be more revealing than the data itself. Data analysts use metadata to evaluate the quality of data, interpret the content of a database, combine data from over one source, and perform data analyses.


Data Engineer



A data engineer prepares data for analytical or operational use. This means building systems that gather, handle and transform raw data into a usable form to comprehend in a range of situations for data scientists and data analysts.


A Data Engineering team handles performance tuning, data infrastructure and monitoring, data pipelines, databases management and business logic in data models. This team can also contain specialists such as data warehouse or database experts, data pipeline experts, data custodians and data consultants.


This shows the importance of this team both from an architectural and operational point of view. Some skills needed to become a good data engineer are coding, databases and data warehouse management, visualization, cloud computing and a basic understanding of machine learning.


Although we want to show the singularity of the job of data engineer, it is also necessary to note that specializations exist in this field. So, we count:

  1. Data Pipeline specialist who transforms data into a useful format for analysis either by streaming or batch processing.

  2. Database specialist who creates and maintains analytical databases and data warehouse systems.

  3. Generalists perform both the roles of a data pipeline specialist and a database specialist.


Both data analysts and data scientists desire clean data to work with when completing an analysis. Actual data cleaning may include removing typographical errors and correcting values against a list of known entities. Therefore, data engineers implement automated data validation to ensure the correctness and quality of your data before it is imported and processed. We may also view it as a type of data cleaning.


Data type check, code check, range check, format check, and uniqueness check are types of data validations used by data engineers. This operation is very important in most data science or data platform projects since invalid data is not only costly but may also make up a commercial risk if it hinders a company from meeting its regulatory or legal duties, low-quality data eventually costs businesses billions of dollars each year.


Data Scientist



Data science makes it possible to produce methods for sorting and analysing complex mass data or disjointed data sources to extract useful information. This digital science is a discipline that relies on mathematical tools, statistics, computer science and data visualization. Because mathematics & statistics are the founding blocks for data science and machine learning.


If you want to become a Data Scientist, it is very important to have expert knowledge of calculus, linear algebra, statistics & probability theory. One of the first major examples of data science comes from the United States, where IBM has contracted to collect, organize, and digitize information from Social Security users in the country.


Data scientists should also be skilled in scripting programming languages, problem-solving, business operations, communication, and visualization. Common techniques used by data scientists involve supervised machine learning, unsupervised machine learning and natural language processing.


Data science has already affected several sectors. Healthcare for drug discovery and medical image analysis. Banking: for fraud detection, credit risk modelling and customer lifetime value. Manufacturing: for system monitoring, anomaly detection and potential problems prediction.


In conclusion, the professions of a data analyst, data engineer, and data scientist have similarities and particularities that distinguish them from each other.


Data analysts help people across the company understand specific queries with charts. They use programs such as Excel, Tableau and SQL.


Data engineers build and maintain applications to help process large datasets and implement requests that come from data scientists and other business users. They use programs such as Hadoop, Spark, Kafka, SQL, NoSQL, Python, Scala and Go.


Data scientists are analytical experts who create predictive modelling processes to find trends and present their findings. They use SQL, Python and R.


Erisna is a comprehensive data dictionary and enterprise metadata management solution for data analysts to collaboratively document data assets, for data engineers, developers and data scientists to instantly automate data validation checks within your data platform and for data governance teams to actively track and monitor the sensitivity and quality of your data. Sign up for free today!

bottom of page